czwartek, 30 września 2021
środa, 29 września 2021
poniedziałek, 27 września 2021
niedziela, 26 września 2021
sobota, 25 września 2021
poniedziałek, 20 września 2021
niedziela, 19 września 2021
CONCLUSION
THE EIGHTEENTH DECISIVE
BATTLE OF THE WORLD
W A R S A W , 1920
BY
V ISCO U N T D 'ABERN ON
BATTLE OF THE WORLD
W A R S A W , 1920
BY
V ISCO U N T D 'ABERN ON
(...)
In the early pages of this volume I gave reasons
for considering the Battle of Warsaw and the campaign
on the Vistula subjects worthy of impartial study.
Although to some what I now say may appear
idealistic and even Utopian, in view of the traditional
ingrained prejudices which prevail, I would add a
171further argument to those already advanced. It is
this : the desirability— the necessity even, if the
gravest difficulties are to be avoided— of improved
relations between Germany and Poland, and a
cessation of that animosity and hatred which has
embittered the two nations for so many centuries.
for considering the Battle of Warsaw and the campaign
on the Vistula subjects worthy of impartial study.
Although to some what I now say may appear
idealistic and even Utopian, in view of the traditional
ingrained prejudices which prevail, I would add a
171further argument to those already advanced. It is
this : the desirability— the necessity even, if the
gravest difficulties are to be avoided— of improved
relations between Germany and Poland, and a
cessation of that animosity and hatred which has
embittered the two nations for so many centuries.
The most pressing task of European diplomacy is to
achieve some reconciliation on Germany's Eastern
frontier. It is vital and urgent for German opinion
to realise the indisputable truth that a stable Poland
constitutes a bulwark against Communism, and may
be considered an essential condition of European
tranquillity.Recent speeches made by influential leaders of the
Communist Party in Moscow show that the present
peace is intended by them to be merely transitory.
achieve some reconciliation on Germany's Eastern
frontier. It is vital and urgent for German opinion
to realise the indisputable truth that a stable Poland
constitutes a bulwark against Communism, and may
be considered an essential condition of European
tranquillity.Recent speeches made by influential leaders of the
Communist Party in Moscow show that the present
peace is intended by them to be merely transitory.
They regard it as a breathing space ; a respite before
the coming war. It is also certain that, if and when
war comes, it will be " integral," an expression much
in vogue with the Soviet, meaning that every weapon
o f destruction, legitimate or otherwise, will be em
ployed, and that every device of insidious suborna
tion will be resorted to. Bolshevism remains a relent
less foe to civilisation.It may be that Communist doctrine, repelled by
force of arms in 1920, will achieve later the disruption
it seeks. But should this come to pass, it will be
due, less to the military strength of the Soviet, less
to propaganda, however lavish and persistent, than
the coming war. It is also certain that, if and when
war comes, it will be " integral," an expression much
in vogue with the Soviet, meaning that every weapon
o f destruction, legitimate or otherwise, will be em
ployed, and that every device of insidious suborna
tion will be resorted to. Bolshevism remains a relent
less foe to civilisation.It may be that Communist doctrine, repelled by
force of arms in 1920, will achieve later the disruption
it seeks. But should this come to pass, it will be
due, less to the military strength of the Soviet, less
to propaganda, however lavish and persistent, than
to disunion among its adversaries and to the strange
incapacity to deal effectively with the economic crisis,
which is to-day so grave a reproach to the intelligence
of the Western world.
incapacity to deal effectively with the economic crisis,
which is to-day so grave a reproach to the intelligence
of the Western world.
wtorek, 14 września 2021
T H E E I G H T E E N T H D E C IS IV E B A T T L E O F T H E W O R L D WARSAW, 1920
T H E E I G H T E E N T H D E C IS IV E
B A T T L E O F T H E W O R L D
B A T T L E O F T H E W O R L D
WARSAW, 1920
THE EIGHTEENTH DECISIVE
BATTLE OF THE WORLD
W A R S A W , 1920
BY
V ISCO U N T D 'ABERN ON
BATTLE OF THE WORLD
W A R S A W , 1920
BY
V ISCO U N T D 'ABERN ON
"... On this point I am disposed to hold
with the most impartial of historians, Hallam, that
the determining factor and final criterion should be
whether a contrary event would have essentially
varied the drama of the world.It cannot be disputed that " Warsaw, 1920 " had
many of the characteristics required for inclusion in
such a category of greater magnitude. The civilisa
tions in conflict were radically different, the objectives
and methods of the combatants were violently
opposed; it was in no sense an inter-tribal squabble,
but rather a trial of arms between two fundamentally
divergent systems. Moreover, an immediate and, so
far, an enduring Peace, was the result.It will be for the reader to judge, after perusal of
the following pages, whether the claim of Warsaw is
well founded. I have endeavoured to set forth the
facts and to narrate events with simplicity, avoiding
emphasis and undue bias...."
with the most impartial of historians, Hallam, that
the determining factor and final criterion should be
whether a contrary event would have essentially
varied the drama of the world.It cannot be disputed that " Warsaw, 1920 " had
many of the characteristics required for inclusion in
such a category of greater magnitude. The civilisa
tions in conflict were radically different, the objectives
and methods of the combatants were violently
opposed; it was in no sense an inter-tribal squabble,
but rather a trial of arms between two fundamentally
divergent systems. Moreover, an immediate and, so
far, an enduring Peace, was the result.It will be for the reader to judge, after perusal of
the following pages, whether the claim of Warsaw is
well founded. I have endeavoured to set forth the
facts and to narrate events with simplicity, avoiding
emphasis and undue bias...."
poniedziałek, 13 września 2021
niedziela, 12 września 2021
piątek, 10 września 2021
środa, 8 września 2021
niedziela, 5 września 2021
środa, 1 września 2021
Fwd: Paryż i Belle Epoque
---------- Forwarded message ---------
Od: arte.tv <news@newsletter.arte.tv>
Date: wt., 31 sie 2021 o 14:00
Subject: Paryż i Belle Epoque
To: <andrzej.czerwinski22@gmail.com>
Od: arte.tv <news@newsletter.arte.tv>
Date: wt., 31 sie 2021 o 14:00
Subject: Paryż i Belle Epoque
To: <andrzej.czerwinski22@gmail.com>
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